Migration: Pros and Cons :: essays research papers

Migration has been an on going phenomena from past to present. Individuals, families, or groups of people may leave a country voluntarily or involuntarily because of events: harsh environmental or economic conditions (disease, crop failure, excess population), religious persecution, "ethnic cleansing," war, genocide. Or they may be enslaved and taken to a foreign country. Migrants may seek better jobs, freedom, or to preserve their very lives. There is a wide spread perception shared by big business and the government that a country needs immigrants, first to take certain low paid jobs which the existing population decline to take, second, and more importantly, to overcome skill shortages in the country. Immigrants are then, seen as playing an important part in enabling the Government to achieve sustainable economic development. The effect of immigration on unemployment is negligible and that migrants create at least as many jobs as they fill. Migrants may increase unemployment in certain areas, but this is compensated by their raising the overall level of demand, like housing and household-related goods, needs etc. This promotes both a higher level and a wider range of goods and services produced, stimulating the economy and job growth. Migrants also bring new skills and experience to the recipient country. They help to reduce labor shortages for skilled personnel, and also attract international traders through their fore ign knowledge and language skills. Skilled migrants also do not earn a cost to government in education or training, because most migrants come in their youth (20-39), means that they pay the taxes that will help sustain ageing population (mostly in MEDC’s). One main problem is that the movement of skilled personnel from LEDC (developing countries) to MEDC (developed countries), termed the â€Å"brain drain†, can have a harmful effect on the donor countries, this emigration deprives the donor country of the skilled manpower that they need. Emigrants can however, assist their country of origin in various other ways: a) bank deposits – external accounts maintain in the donor country which are financial investments in the donor country economy. Migration: Pros and Cons :: essays research papers Migration has been an on going phenomena from past to present. Individuals, families, or groups of people may leave a country voluntarily or involuntarily because of events: harsh environmental or economic conditions (disease, crop failure, excess population), religious persecution, "ethnic cleansing," war, genocide. Or they may be enslaved and taken to a foreign country. Migrants may seek better jobs, freedom, or to preserve their very lives. There is a wide spread perception shared by big business and the government that a country needs immigrants, first to take certain low paid jobs which the existing population decline to take, second, and more importantly, to overcome skill shortages in the country. Immigrants are then, seen as playing an important part in enabling the Government to achieve sustainable economic development. The effect of immigration on unemployment is negligible and that migrants create at least as many jobs as they fill. Migrants may increase unemployment in certain areas, but this is compensated by their raising the overall level of demand, like housing and household-related goods, needs etc. This promotes both a higher level and a wider range of goods and services produced, stimulating the economy and job growth. Migrants also bring new skills and experience to the recipient country. They help to reduce labor shortages for skilled personnel, and also attract international traders through their fore ign knowledge and language skills. Skilled migrants also do not earn a cost to government in education or training, because most migrants come in their youth (20-39), means that they pay the taxes that will help sustain ageing population (mostly in MEDC’s). One main problem is that the movement of skilled personnel from LEDC (developing countries) to MEDC (developed countries), termed the â€Å"brain drain†, can have a harmful effect on the donor countries, this emigration deprives the donor country of the skilled manpower that they need. Emigrants can however, assist their country of origin in various other ways: a) bank deposits – external accounts maintain in the donor country which are financial investments in the donor country economy.

Bouncers Essay

BOUNCERS BOUNCERS John Godber’s play, ‘BOUNCERS,’ was written and performed in the year 1977 and captures the generalised stereotypes of a group of Bouncers, Girls and ‘Lagalads’ on a night out in the town. With only four members in the cast, Godber cleverly directs the performance to be comedic and easily understandable through the actors’ characterisation and clever use of lighting and set. The play takes you through a typical Friday night in town at a club called ‘asylum,’ which creates a strong reference suggesting it is a place where all the ‘crazy’ people go.It begins with each of the four bouncers individually walking on stage with a solid posture as a Bouncer. Each one would then suddenly break out into a dance move; the first bouncer was able to ‘lock and pop’ really well and as each one came out, the worse they got, immediately connecting with the audience as they found it hilarious. This is one of Godber’s techniques to keep the audience engaged at all times, as jokes are told that the audience understand and can relate to, ultimately making the performance more enjoyable for both the actors and audience.The play then continues on to tell the story in episodes due to its episodic structure, about a group of four girls who are preparing for a night out. Godber’s use of clean transitions allowed the plot to unfold fluently; the only four objects on stage (four beer barrels), were collected by the actors whilst they spoke, and two actors collected a beer barrel each to be placed into the centre of the stage acting as chairs and then would continue on to the next scene, making it clear to the audience that there was a scene change by introducing the characters they were representing.This is one of Godber’s techniques that was influenced by Bertolt Brecht, which is used to stop the audience thinking about what the characters are like and just concentrate on the performance. The lighting between transitions also indicated that there was a scene change, as it would either the whole stage would either be brightly lit or dimmer and more intimate, which is another influence of Brecht’s, as he would contrast and juxtaposition scenes. I found that by introducing the characters, the audience were able to enjoy he performance as they were constantly told who the actors were representing and didn’t get confused. However, I found that because the characterisation between each of the character’s they played was so different and you were able to differentiate between each one easily, the constant introductions were unnecessary. The acting style for all of the actors was very comedic throughout the play. This was portrayed extremely effectively, as their slick comedic timing between lines was fast and sharp making it very humorous.The characterisation of each of the characters also added to the comedy, especially when they were representing the female characters, as their bodies were very relaxed and they used exaggerated feminine gestures. Additionally, their versatile use of vocals created even further humour, as they could be loud and raucous ‘lagalads,’ contrasting to soft and gentle women and this created a lot of enjoyment for the audience, keeping them engaged throughout the whole play. Godber’s choice of a completely open setting worked effectively for this type of performance.The entertainment in the play was purely created by actors themselves, and the set didn’t detract away from this but emphasised it. By being completely open, the audience are able to see the good quality of acting the actors could do as they didn’t have any support from any sort of set. The lighting however, set the scene as much as the actors, as the flashing and changing lights indicated that they were dancing in the club, whereas the solid flickering lights positioned on each actor clearl y and effectively indicated that they were portraying a scene on a bus.This scene was also clear due to the actors jiggering up and down and miming holding on to a handle bar above their heads. This effective scene was one of my personal highlights of the play as it was a very clever technique used by Godber and was clearly recognised. My other favourite scene was the hairdressers near the beginning, and particularly in that scene one of the actors using their hands and clicking their fingers behind someone’s another actors head representing a pair of scissors cutting someone’s hair. I found this extremely effective and easily recognisable.I particularly liked the transition between the hairdressers scene into the barbers immediately after, as all of the actors simply stood up out of character and said ‘Barber’s,’ indicating the scene change, and this was emphasised by the physicality dropping from the women into loud and scrambling men. I thoroughl y enjoyed ‘BOUNCERS’ due to it’s comedy style and the actor’s excellent acting. As it was very up to date with the choice of music and clubbing scenes, I could engage with the play easily as it is what I am being brought up around in society today and this slowed me to enjoy it even further.

Dark Chocolate - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1459 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/09/12 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Why is Dark Chocolate Healthy? : Chocolate is made from plants, which means it contains many of the health benefits of dark vegetables. These benefits are from flavonoids, which act as antioxidants. Antioxidants protect the body from aging caused by free radicals, which can cause damage that leads to heart disease. Dark chocolate contains a large number of antioxidants (nearly 8 times the number found in strawberries). Flavonoids also help relax blood pressure through the production of nitric oxide, and balance certain hormones in the body. Heart Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate: Dark chocolate is good for your heart. A small bar of it everyday can help keep your heart and cardiovascular system running well. Two heart health benefits of dark chocolate are: * Lower Blood Pressure: Studies have shown that consuming a small bar of dark chocolate everyday can reduce blood pressure in individuals with high blood pressure. * Lower Cholesterol: Dark chocolate has also been shown to reduce LDL cholesterol (the bad cholesterol) by up to 10 percent. Other Benefits of Dark Chocolate: Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dark Chocolate" essay for you Create order Chocolate also holds benefits apart from protecting your heart: * it tastes good * it stimulates endorphin production, which gives a feeling of pleasure * it contains serotonin, which acts as an anti-depressant * it contains theobromine, caffeine and other substances which are stimulants Doesnt Chocolate Have a lot of Fat? : Here is some more good news some of the fats in chocolate do not impact your cholesterol. The fats in chocolate are 1/3 oleic acid, 1/3 stearic acid and 1/3 palmitic acid: * Oleic Acid is a healthy monounsaturated fat that is also found in olive oil. Stearic Acid is a saturated fat but one which research is shows has a neutral effect on cholesterol. * Palmitic Acid is also a saturated fat, one which raises cholesterol and heart disease risk. That means only 1/3 of the fat in dark chocolate is bad for you. Chocolate Tip 1 Balance the Calories: This information doesnt mean that you should eat a pound of chocolate a day. Chocolate is still a high-calorie, high-fat food. Most of the studies done used no more than 100 grams, or about 3. 5 ounces, of dark chocolate a day to get the benefits. One bar of dark chocolate has around 400 calories. If you eat half a bar of chocolate a day, you must balance those 200 calories by eating less of something else. Cut out other sweets or snacks and replace them with chocolate to keep your total calories the same. Chocolate Tip 2 Taste the Chocolate: Chocolate is a complex food with over 300 compounds and chemicals in each bite. To really enjoy and appreciate chocolate, take the time to taste it. Professional chocolate tasters have developed a system for tasting chocolate that include assessing the appearance, smell, feel and taste of each piece. Chocolate Tip 3 Go for Dark Chocolate: Dark chocolate has far more antioxidants than milk or white chocolate. These other two chocolates cannot make any health claims. Dark chocolate has 65 percent or higher cocoa content. Chocolate Tip 4 Skip the Nougat: You should look for pure dark chocolate or dark chocolate with nuts, orange peel or other flavorings. Avoid anything with caramel, nougat or other fillings. These fillings are just adding sugar and fat which erase many of the benefits you get from eating the chocolate. Chocolate Tip 5 Avoid Milk: It may taste good but some research shows that washing your chocolate down with a glass of milk could prevent the antioxidants being absorbed or used by your body. Next Anti-Aging Food: Avocados While chocolate is regularly eaten for pleasure, there are potential beneficial health effects of eating chocolate. Cocoa or dark chocolate benefits the circulatory system. [49] commonly comes in dark, milk, and white varieties, with cocoa solids contributing we use the luxuriously smooth Belgian chocolate, and it is organic too. Belgian chocolate is very different to common chocolate, in that Belgian chocolate uses all the cocoa bean rather than substituting other ingredients. The result is a smooth and full flavoured chocolate that is actually good for your health. once described as the food of the gods Chocolate is such a wonderful thing, healthy and pleasurable. the secret is to eat better chocolate, not more chocolate. FOR skin: Chocolate increases the skins ability to block the damaging rays of sun light. Chocolate doubles the blood flow to the skin. elp protect it from sun damage skin that is moister, smoother, better-looking, and more resistant to damage from the sun’s burning UV rays. eating dark chocolate can help you lose weight   FOR children: What is more important than your childrens health? And as a parent how difficult is it to make sure what your child is eating is healthy? With obesity statistics hitting record highs, we need to think differently on how to provide the healthiest pro ducts for our children. A daily supply of one of these dark chocolates is the equivalent to your child eating 13 lbs (5. kg) of tomatoes or 7 lbs of spinach. Feel Good Benefits In addition to preventing chronic illness and being healthy for your heart, dark chocolate also makes you feel good. One way it makes you feel good is simply from the way it tastes – most people think its delicious! However, dark chocolate also stimulates endorphin production, which gives a feeling of pleasure and contains serotonin, which acts as an anti-depressant. Some people report that the feel good benefits of dark chocolate are incredibly strong and immediate upon consumption. A significantly large There are significant health benefits to dark chocolate. According to research studies, chocolate provides clues to fighting disease. Your health and well-being can be enhanced while you savor and enjoy chocolate. Below, you’ll see how research involving chocolate consumption can help conditions such as high cholesterol, heart disease and high blood pressure. Chocolate and Cancer The same antioxidants found in wine and green tea are found in raw cacao and dark chocolate. Antioxidants protect cells from toxins, slow the growth of cancer cells, and help reduce cancer risks and heart disease. The greater the amount of cacao contained in chocolate, the more antioxidants it has. (Note: White chocolate does not contain antioxidants, so look for dark chocolate instead). Chocolate and Cholesterol While many foods high in saturated fats are known to raise cholesterol levels, studies have shown that chocolate consumption does not. This is due to the type of saturated fat   chocolate contains. Less harmful saturated fat in one’s diet means plaque that can gather in the arteries. In fact, studies have shown that dark chocolate may in fact boost good cholesterol. Chocolate and Depression The fat naturally found in chocolate helps provide a feeling of enjoyment and satisfaction, releasing mood-enhancing endorphins. Chocolate also may help relieve symptoms of anxiety. It   is thought to have an opiate effect   that may help improve mood. A study conducted on patients who were depressed showed that the dark chocolate provided relief from their symptoms. Chocolate and Circulation Since the chemicals in dark chocolate help prevent the formation blood platelets, the chance of blood clots is minimized. In addition, blood pressure may be lowered with a regular consumption of dark chocolate each day. This is a result of the flavonoids present in cacao that help with circulation. Keep in mind that flavonoids are lower in milk chocolate than dark chocolate. How Much Chocolate Can You Have? Include 1 ounce of dark chocolate per day to your diet. Select your chocolate carefully, ensuring that there are no refined sugars or hydrogenated oils, which have undesirable health effects. Also, look for   a high percentage of cacao (70% or above). Remember that chocolate does have calories, so make necessary modifications to your calorie intake A Dark Chocolate a Day Keeps the Doctor Away Eating a small, 1. 6-ounce bar of dark chocolate every day is good for you. Very good for you Many people dont realize that chocolate is plant-derived, as are the fruits and vegetables recommended for a healthy heart While a little dark chocolate is good, a lot is not better. Chocolate still is loaded with calories. If youre going to eat more chocolate, youll have to cut back somewhere else. And remember that a balanced diet and plenty of exercise is still the key to heart health. Do you live  a dark chocolate life, like I do? Do you feel that if the chocolate is not dark, its not worth it? Or that the darker the chocolate, the better? Does every day usually include at least one little piece of the dark stuff? If this describes you, then you have arrived at the right place! If youre trying to lose weight, or maintain your health and just simply love chocolate say this means eating dark chocolate may be an efficient way to keep your weight down over Christmas.

The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights - 2460 Words

A just society can be equated with the notions of equality, freedom, and fairness. A just society follows an order of equality as its members are granted with a set of uniform rights. As Article Three in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes, â€Å"Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.† A just society is a society that protects these aforementioned rights by providing its citizens with safety and security for which governments are created. Members of a society enter into a social contract with the government to protect their rights. ((ADD sentence for coherence)) When presented with the scenario, â€Å"Imagine that you’re at the controls of a railway switch and there’s an out-of-control trolley coming. The tracks branch into two, one track that leads to a group of five people, and the other to one person. If you do nothing, the trolley will smash into the five people. But if you flip the switch, it’ll change track s and strike the lone person. What do you do?† A utilitarian will most likely opt to save the group of five people and sacrifice the one person (Dvorsky). This choice permits for the suffering of one for the benefit of majority. However, a just society, or a just government, will find away to save all of them. A just society does not merely provide aid to the majority groups, neglecting any minority groups; a just society does not allow one to suffer for any sort of greater good. In other words, a just society will protect the rightsShow MoreRelatedThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1728 Words   |  7 Pagespeople. Culture can impede progress and leave women, minorities and other sub-sects of a society without the basic human rights that they deserve. Clinging too close to culture can be dangerous. The Foundations of a Universal Declaration The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was drafted shortly after the United Nations was established in 1945. The aim of the Declaration was to ensure that an atrocity such as the mass killings of Jews and other minorities in Nazi Germany would never happenRead MoreThe Universal Declaration of Human Rights1131 Words   |  5 PagesHuman rights are moral principles that set out specific standards of human behavior, and are normally ensured as lawful rights in both national and global law. They are acknowledged to be inalienable, since anybody is characteristically qualified for it essentially on the grounds that they are individuals. Whatever our nationality, sex, shade, religion, dialect, or ethnic source is, we are all just as qualified for our rights without separation or discrimination. All human rights are resolute andRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pages The Universal Declaration of Human rights was adopted in the UN gene ral assembly by the 10th December 1948. This is the first time that the world recognized that everyone had the right to enjoy freedom of speech, freedom of religion and freedom from fear and want, and many other rights. International human rights come along way; before there was no rights. The idea of having rights that led to the development of international human rights takes time. There are benchmarks developments in internationalRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesA human right is an ethical choice and moral belief belonging to all humans regardless of traits, status, location, color, gender, or belief system. Making the connection to a universal law, the United Nations Rights High Commissioner explains these rights are, â€Å"guaranteed by law† and protected as â€Å"fundamental freedoms† (OHCHR, 2016). The Cambridge Dictionary defines privilege as â€Å"an advantage that only one person or group of people has† listing examples such as having a high social position or wealthRead MoreUniversal Declaration Of Human Rights1263 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a doctrine created to ensure a mutual standard of treatment amongst all humans, every person deserves an equal set of life standards. According to Article 18 of this 30 Article document, â€Å"everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teachingRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1417 Words   |  6 PagesImplemented in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) delineates the basic rights and freedoms entitled to all humans. The freedom of speech and the right to express beliefs freely is a universal human right protected by Article 19 of the UDHR. It declares that â€Å"everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression† and can â€Å"hold opinions without interference†. The regional agreements of Iran, China and Bahrain are in accordance with the Universal Declaration and are fully dedicatedRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights892 Words   |  4 PagesHuman rigths is an essential component of a tolerant and individually satisfied society. They are created to defend people’s dignity, equality and liberty. However, for thousands of years people lived with no garanteed rights, until 1948, when United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. But is the Universal Declaration of Human Rigths really universal to all states and humans living in them? I am going to argue if Human Rights should or should not be unically adapted to differentRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights875 Words   |  4 PagesI feel that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) does have a western bias. Many people look to US for guidance, but not many other nations copy our way of life. States can sign treaties, but they cannot be reassured that the other nation will keep its word. The US and the UN should maybe not be engaging in promoting western society, but they should be engaging in promoting the protection of human rights. The UN UDHR fought for minimal rights in 1948 by identifying three types of generationsRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1485 Words   |  6 Pages1003236982 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states â€Å"that human rights are held by all persons equally and universally forever† –hence, they are universal held. This is due to them being the exact same for all human beings anywhere in the world. One cannot acquire human rights because of where they come from, but because they are a member of the human race. Nobody can lose those human rights, nor can they be taken away for whatever the reason may be. Together, we have the right to express ourselvesRead MoreThe Declaration Of Universal Human Rights869 Words   |  4 PagesGeneral Assembly (UNGA) set forth a declaration of universal human rights. The goal was to set a common standard of rights based on â€Å"recognition of the inherent dignity and equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family.† It was meant to become the perfect social contract but unfortunately was not upheld even by the signatory nations themselves. Many critics now looking b ack have cited the overreaching ideals as the downfall of the declaration but yet many have responded saying it

TABC Considerations for Olive Garden Analysis - 1256 Words

Beverage Management Project #2 TABC Considerations for Olive Garden Analysis In order to offer a viable platform in which restaurants can offer alcoholic beverages as part of their drink line, the Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission has created a set of guidelines which establishments must utilize in order to initiate a more responsible service to the community. According to the TABC guidelines (2014) these guidelines should clear following national, state, and local laws when offering alcohol to patrons, such as ensuring that alcoholic beverage is only served to those over age 21 (checked if they appear to be under 30), a valid Texas driver’s license, or another valid identification must be used, and employees must refuse service to anyone that does not fit these criteria. However, there are also TABC guidelines (2014) which are state defined, such as the need to refuse service to anyone that appears to be intoxicated, prohibit employees from serving customers to the point of intoxication, offer mediatio n for intoxicated customers who wish to leave the premises in such a state, and adhere to the TABC certification regulations. A secondary goal, to this extent is also to meet the mixed beverage gross sales tax requirements at a rate of 6.7% after Jan.1, 2014 and 14% prior to Jan. 1, 2014, as well as the mixed beverage sales tax, which was implemented after Jan. 1, 2014. In order to draw more insight into the subject, the Olive Garden restaurant has looked up.

The Life Of Sigmund Freud and His Articulation Of Theories Free Essays

Sigmund Freud; Probably the most influential activist in the realm of the study of the mind, Psychology; An influence so great that his works, ideologies and theories alike have imposed themselves upon the minds of many in this, the twentieth century, regardless of our acceptance or futile resistance. He was responsible for the articulation of theories and concepts of which everyday individuals do not even know he is the originator of. Ideologies such as the Unconscious, the relevance Sexual and Aggressive Drives under which Infantile Sexuality falls, and the â€Å"tri-partite† mind frame, consisting of the Id, Ego and Super-Ego. We will write a custom essay sample on The Life Of Sigmund Freud and His Articulation Of Theories or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since then, there are multiple manifestations of psychoanalysis in a variety of fields which may be traced directly back to Freud’s Original work. Sigmund Freud was born on May 6th, 1856, in Freiberg, Austria (although it is disputed that he may have been born on March 6th instead). He was the first of eight children born to his mother. At age four, Freud and his family moved to Vienna, where he would live and work until he died. His impact and mark would remain there forever, as he was renown for founding the first Viennese school of psychoanalysis from which all aspects and development in this field then flowed. Freud’s interest and professional training and experience were very broad. Although he was not particularly interested in becoming a physician, Freud saw medicine as a vehicle for engaging in scientific research. After being enrolled at the University of Vienna for eight years (from 1873), Freud graduated and was then engaged in 1882 later to be married in 1886. Many of his theories were based on clinical material documented while he operated a private practice to treat psychological disorders. Two individuals who played a significant role in his life were Jean Charcot and Josef Breuer. Charcot was a French neurologist who used hypnotism to treat psychologically ill patients. Freud attempted Charcot’s methods but were unsuccessful. Breuer was an older Viennese colleague whose methods for treating neuroses, though unique, caught the interest of Freud. Breuer discovered that when he encouraged patients to talk freely without restrictions that he was able to get to the source of the problem causing the symptoms. Freud worked with Breuer and developed the idea that the source of a patient’s problems was some hidden or unresolved conflict which occurred in their past life, and the â€Å"cure† was achieved by bringing that conflict to the client’s â€Å"consciousness† in a manner in which he/she might intellectually and emotionally confront it. At the turn of the 20th Century, Freud, after a period of self-analysis, published works such as; â€Å"The Interpretation of Dreams† (1900), â€Å"The Psychopathology of Everyday Life† (1901), Three essays on the Theory of sexuality (1905) and â€Å"Five Lectures on Psycho-Analysis† (1916). Freud’s theories on Sexuality received the most resistance and caused many of his partnerships with other philosophers to deteriorate. The final and yet not any less significant of his works was his model of the mind, consisting of the Id, Ego and Super-Ego. After a life of remarkable vigour and creative productivity, he died of cancer while exiled in England in 1939. It is interesting to note that although he carried out many self-analytic tests, that he was unable to resolve his addiction to cigarette smoking; the very habit that eventually killed him. Although Freud was an original thinker, there were still influences which shaped the development of his thought. For instance, his relationship with Charcot and Breuer definitely impacted upon his thoughts but rather differently, Freud’s self-analysis was probably the greatest impact of all on his life. In this period, several repulsive and yet real facts about Freud character and past were revealed to him. These â€Å"truths† were related to his emotions towards members of his family in the aspects of sexuality and hatred and the results thereof. This was to become the basis of his theory of the Oedipus complex. The Scientific climate in which Freud existed in also had great influence on his thought. For instance, Charles Darwin’s perception of man, was a life shaking event for people of that time, now making it possible to treat humans as objects of Scientific investigation. Freud with his enormous esteem for science, accepted this implicitly. Another important aspect of Science that impacted on his thoughts was the principle of the conservation of energy – Helmholz stating that energy can neither be created or destroyed but only change in form. Freud then concluded that in parallel with this principle, humans consisted of psychic energy. Repression and Suppression are two examples of how Freud believed that this Psychic energy may be represented. Freud’s works and ideas are vast, but among these there are some which the basis of many of his theories are grounded. This is based on Freud’s idea that all human actions are a manifestation or a representation of some hidden desire or impulse. Events become conscious when â€Å"unconscious† matter arises into a level of awareness for an individual and then may sink into a state of unconsciousness again. This theory follows that whenever we make a decision, we are governed by a hidden mental process of which we are unaware and have no control. The question arises therefore, do people truly have free will? Freud deeply associated the unconscious with instincts and drives, categorizing those drives into Eros (the life instinct) and Thanatos (the death instinct). Sexuality (any pleasure which can be derived out of the body) is derived out of Eros while Thanatos is the opposite, the urge to destroy any source of sexuality. Freud determined that through satisfaction, or lack thereof, of sexual satisfaction through childhood stages, the individual would develop into a correspondingly appropriate adult. These stages are; â€Å"The Oral Stage† – satisfaction from sucking, â€Å"The Anal Stage† – satisfaction from releasing excrete or urine, â€Å"The Phallic Stage†- interest in genital region (Oedipus Complex may also develop here – hatred of a parent of the same sex), â€Å"Latency† – less pronounced sexual motivation and â€Å"The Genital stage†- genital region becomes focus of stimulation and satisfaction. Freud believed that (in)appropriate treatment is responsible for forming the resulting image of the individual’s character and personality. Freud distinguished three structural elements which framed the mind. They are the Id, Ego and Super-Ego. The Id represents the instinctual sexual drives which acquire satisfaction. The Super-Ego represents the conscience which restricts us from satisfying the desires of the Id. The Super-Ego however is shaped by social influence, such as parents. The Ego is the â€Å"conscious† self-created as a balance between the ever struggling fight between the Id and Super-Ego for dominance. The Id and Super-Ego reside in the unconscious. Failure of the Id and Super-Ego to resolve conflict may later form neurosis resulting in the activation of â€Å"defense mechanisms† such as repression, sublimation, fixation and regression. The main purpose of this treatment was to bring harmony within the frame or structure of the human mind by resolving â€Å"unconscious repressed unresolved conflicts†. Freud allowed clients to lay on a sofa and encouraged them to express themselves freely (through â€Å"free association†), hence to some degree disarming the Super-Ego. By analyzing slips of the tongue dreams and other means of expression Freud believed that one can discern the underlying/unconscious forces lying behind the expression. The next step was to bring the client to a point of self-understanding and assist them in dealing with their past and find a way curing themselves of some neuroses by suppressing it. Of this, I would now like to make special points in conclusion to all the materials which I have researched. Firstly, can these theories be proven to be strongly coherent? This issue has been one of great controversy but the truth is, there is no direct significant or proving link of any of Freud theories other than the â€Å"variable† behaviour patterns of individuals of which any other theories may be attributed. For instance, in science where a cause ‘Y’ is unobservable (radio waves) there are still clear corresponding rules connecting the unobservable cause to an observable phenomenon. However, this is not the case with Freud’s theories, and in truth the theories are exactly what I earlier declared them as, Ideologies, having absolutely no factual evidence to support them. More importantly however, is the impact of his ideologies on the world today. As Psychoanalytic therapy is in use today, the use of free association and revealing repressed conflicts for intellectual assistance and management seems to be further detrimental to certain relationships in the United States instead of positively influential. Many people have recovered memories of sexual abuse by parents and others which were actually untrue and were some form of a fantasy. Children and adults alike have sued their parents and the parents in turn sued their children and the conflicts continue to develop. Even when patients are â€Å"cured successfully†, statistics prove that these methods of therapy do not outperform other methods. So then is it really that efficient? Doesn’t it seem fair also to say that their cure is non-existent and that they can only direct that Psychic energy to a different form? Why also is not possible for that form of energy to be reverted to it’s previous state? It then appears that even if this form of therapy was plausible, it really cannot be proven to be steadfast or efficient. Regardless however, one cannot deny Freud’s innovative and creative perceptions and thoughts and should in fact seek to see how we can abstract good and gain a greater understanding of behaviour; not only of others but most importantly, ourselves. How to cite The Life Of Sigmund Freud and His Articulation Of Theories, Essay examples

Ghost Stories by Coldplay free essay sample

Coldplay is a British group that became popular at the start of the 21st century with their first album, â€Å"Parachutes,† which included the massive, melodic hit â€Å"Yellow.† Since then, the group has gone on to produce â€Å"A Rush of Blood to the Head,† â€Å"XY,† and â€Å"Mylo Xyloto.† From their albums have come chart-topping songs like â€Å"Fix You,† â€Å"Viva La Vida,† and â€Å"Paradise.† Now the group, which consists of Chris Martin, Guy Berryman, Jonny Buckland, and Will Champion, has released a sixth studio album, â€Å"Ghost Stories.† When Coldplay released the single â€Å"Magic† from â€Å"Ghost Stories,† the song became an instant hit, as it contained all of the elements of the most popular Coldplay songs – a melodic beat, meaningful lyrics, and lead singer Chris Martins soothing voice. With the second single, â€Å"Midnight,† Coldplay continued to give fans more of what they love. Recently, the band released a third single, â€Å"A Sky Full of Stars,† which was also an instantaneous hit. We will write a custom essay sample on Ghost Stories by Coldplay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Much to the delight of loyal fans and listeners, the three singles provided a solid sampling of what fans could expect from the album. The variety in the songs showed Coldplays wide variety of talents. This past spring, Martin divorced Gwyneth Paltrow, his wife of 10 years. Some label this album Martins â€Å"divorce album.† The lyrics to the song â€Å"Magic† reflect these events with the lines, â€Å"I call it magic when Im with you / And I just got broken, broken into two / Still I call it magic, when Im next to you.† The song continues, â€Å"And if you were to ask me / After all that weve been through / ‘Still believe in magic? / Yes, I do.† Coldplays sixth studio album has received much criticism due to its new sound. Some diehard fans are upset over the bands decision to work with electronic dance DJ Avicii to produce â€Å"A Sky Full of Stars,† which is very up-tempo and strays from the typical Coldplay sound. However, the upbeat tone and melody of this track provide a nice break for listeners amid the redundant, slow songs on â€Å"Ghost Stories.† Ironically, â€Å"A Sky Full of Stars† has proven to be very popular; it claimed a spot in the American iTunes Top Ten when Coldplay released it as a single, even reaching number one. That the four musicians have decided to venture into a different type of music is made especially clear in the song â€Å"O.† Like the others on this album, this song is slow and accompanied by mellow music, with Martins voice almost whispering to us. However, what makes this song different is that it is nearly eight minutes long – and after about four, the music ceases. With about a minute left, a faint melody is heard in the background with an almost indistinguishable voice accompanying it. Coldplays newest album appears to be very successful; it sold over 300,000 copies in its first week. Personally, my favorite song on it is â€Å"Ink,† since it is a nice balance between the slow tracks and the up-tempo â€Å"A Sky Full of Stars.† It is also the closest match to their past hits. â€Å"Ghost Stories† proves that Coldplay still has an extensive range of skills and great potential for the future.